pat_auckland said:

The useful move here is to separate what is established from what is widely repeated.

Coming at pat_auckland’s question from a different direction. The honest answer is that the effect is real, the magnitude is contested, and the individual variation is larger than either. Those three things can all be true at once, and most arguments here are two people holding different parts of that.

One concrete data point for the thread. For anyone reading later: the numbers in this thread are worth checking against a primary source before you act on them, including mine. Half the figures circulating in this community trace back to a secondary summary that dropped a qualifier.

One thing that is still open after pat_auckland’s answer:

Whether resistance training and protein change the ratio or only the absolute amount?

lucas_SP_BR said:

For anyone reading later: the numbers in this thread are worth checking against a primary source before you act on them, including mine.

Worth saying that the confident version of this is more useful to the person writing it than to the person reading it.

lucas_SP_BR said:

For anyone reading later: the numbers in this thread are worth checking against a primary source before you act on them, including mine.

True, with the qualification that this is a self-selected group. The people for whom it did not work post less, and that shapes everything we think we know.