VendorMark said:

Two reports on the same product from two laboratories, four percentage points apart, and no method stated on either.

HPLC results interpretation for certificates of analysis: when you get your Janoshik report back, here's what the numbers mean:

• Purity %: Should be >97%. Below 95% is concerning.
• Retention time: Should match reference standard for the peptide
• Related substances: Degradation products should be <2% total
• Single impurity: No individual impurity should exceed 1%

My last batch: 99.7% purity, 0.3% total related substances. Clean chromatogram with single sharp peak at expected retention time. Exactly what you want to see.

One thing that is still open after LibrarianMeg’s answer:

Whether a purity figure and a content figure can disagree without one of them being wrong?

DataDave said:

HPLC results interpretation for certificates of analysis: when you get your Janoshik report back, here's what the numbers mean: Purity %: Should be…

My HPLC chromatogram analysis for certificates of analysis — I sent my batch to Janoshik and here's what the results showed:

Main peak retention time: 16.6 minutes (consistent with semaglutide reference standard)
Peak purity: 98.2%
Related substances: 0.8% (single impurity at 10.4 minutes — likely a synthesis intermediate)
Mass spec: m/z 4113.5 (matches expected molecular weight)

This is a clean result. The mass spec confirmation is particularly important — it proves the molecule is actually semaglutide and not a substitution.

OP back with an update, since a thread like this is useless without one.

Purity and content being different measurements was the piece I was missing. The vial was overfilled and pure, which is a very different problem from the one I thought I had.

Dr.RaviCardio said:

My HPLC chromatogram analysis for certificates of analysis — I sent my batch to Janoshik and here's what the results showed: Main peak retention time:…

Agreed, and mass spec answers a question purity does not: identity. High purity tells you one thing dominates the chromatogram, not that it is the molecule you ordered. A mass within about a dalton of expected is the identity check.