From the other side of the consultation, briefly. It is worth asking what the claim would look like if it were false. If nothing would look different, it is not a claim about the world and no amount of discussion will settle it.

Ask again with the specifics and you will get a better answer than this one.

PharmHunterJen said:

It is worth asking what the claim would look like if it were false.

Same experience, arrived at from the opposite direction. Nothing to add that would improve it.

PharmHunterJen said:

It is worth asking what the claim would look like if it were false.

There is a second half to this that has not been said yet. Start from the measurement rather than the conclusion. Almost every disagreement here turns out to be two people measuring different things and comparing the numbers anyway.

One concrete data point for the thread. If you are comparing against somebody else’s result, check that you are comparing the same measurement taken the same way. Most of the apparent contradictions in these threads dissolve at that step.

Moderator note: good thread. Keeping it here rather than moving it, because the question is general enough to be useful. Report rather than reply if it drifts again.